Content: Genetics - Study of heredity Heredity - Passing of genes to offspring Gene - A section of DNA/RNA that determines certain traits Alleles - Special genes that come in pairs, one from each parent Genotype - Genetic information that codes for physical traits Phenotype - Physical traits that are coded by the genotype Dominance - Expression of one allele over the other
Co-Dominant: Expression of both alleles, which are both dominant
Incomplete: Neither alleles are expressed, but a "third" phenotype is expressed
Recessive - Lack of expression of an allele because there is a dominant allele. They are only expressed if they're in a pair where both alleles are recessive. Homozygous - Having the same kind of allele Ex) AA, aa Heterozygous - Having different kinds of alleles Ex) Aa, aA Punnett Squares - A way to represent probability of certain genotypes occurring Epigenetics - Study of how the environment an organism lives in affects the genes it expresses Point Mutations - A change of a single nucleotide Frameshift Mutations - Changes how a codon is read, therefore creating or taking away amino acids Germline Mutations - Mutations caused because of hereditary reasons Somatic Mutations - Mutations caused by environmental factors
Reflection: Overall this project was fine. I think my group did a good job working together. I personally felt like I should have tried to work more on the project. A "peak" was getting the project done on time. A "pit" was that we did not perform the lab correctly so our results were inconclusive. I learned that cooperation is important for good work and that working hard makes completing something easier.